Retina Ablation: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention
Retinal detachment is the separation of the retina (thin layer) of the supporting tissue behind the eye. Neural tissue that forms a sensitive part of the light on the retina forms a thin membrane that is firmly attached to the supporting tissue below. If the two layers are separated, the retina cannot function and if it is not reunited, permanent damage can occur.
Early appearance of the retinal detachment begins at one point on the surface of the retina and if left untreated, the entire retina can be released. In one form of ablation, the retina actually experiences tears. This form of retinal detachment usually occurs in patients with high myopia or patients who have undergone cataract surgery or sufferers of eye injuries.
The following are three conditions that are the most common causes of ablation of the retina, including:
Rhegmatogenous ablation is caused by a hole or tear in the retina that allows fluid to pass and accumulate under the retina, pulling the retina away from the underlying tissue. The area where the retina loses their blood supply and stops working, causes loss of vision.
The most common cause of rhegmatogenous ablation is aging. As we age, gel-like ingredients that fill the inside of the eye, known as the vitreous , can change consistency and shrink or become more fluid. Usually, the vitreous is separated from the surface of the retina without complications - a general condition called posterior vitreous ablation ( PVD). One of the complications of this separation is tears.
When the vitreous separates or exfoliates the retina , it may attract the retina with sufficient strength to make a retinal tear. If left untreated, vitreous fluid can pass through tears into the space behind the retina, causing the retina to detach.
The fluid collected under the retina is absorbed by itself, and the retina can then stick to the eye wall. You may need to hold your head in a certain position for several days to keep the bubble in the right position. The bubble will eventually reabsorb itself.
If you have several tears or holes or extensive ablation, your surgeon can make a scleral buckle that surrounds your entire eye like a belt. The buckle is placed in a way that does not block your vision, and usually stays in place permanently.
Eventually air, gas or liquid will be absorbed, and the vitreous space will be refilled with body fluids. If silicone oil is used, it may be surgically removed a few months later. Vitrectomy can be combined with a scleral buckling procedure.
After surgery, your vision may take several months to improve. You may need a second operation for successful treatment. Some people never recover all their lost sight.
Use protective glasses to prevent trauma to the eye. Diabetics should control their blood sugar levels carefully. If you have a risk of developing retinal detachments, have your eyes checked at least once a year.
If you are unsure of your risks, talk to your eye doctor. He can tell you how often your eyes should be checked. If you notice symptoms of possible retinal detachments, such as flashes, small floating spots, or darkening of peripheral vision, contact your doctor immediately.
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Early appearance of the retinal detachment begins at one point on the surface of the retina and if left untreated, the entire retina can be released. In one form of ablation, the retina actually experiences tears. This form of retinal detachment usually occurs in patients with high myopia or patients who have undergone cataract surgery or sufferers of eye injuries.
Causes of Retina Ablation
The cause of retinal detachment is often associated with a tear or hole in the retina, so that fluid in the eye seeps through the tear or hole and causes the retina to detach from the underlying tissue.The following are three conditions that are the most common causes of ablation of the retina, including:
1. Rhegmatogenous
The most common type of retinal detachment is rhegmatogenous .Rhegmatogenous ablation is caused by a hole or tear in the retina that allows fluid to pass and accumulate under the retina, pulling the retina away from the underlying tissue. The area where the retina loses their blood supply and stops working, causes loss of vision.
The most common cause of rhegmatogenous ablation is aging. As we age, gel-like ingredients that fill the inside of the eye, known as the vitreous , can change consistency and shrink or become more fluid. Usually, the vitreous is separated from the surface of the retina without complications - a general condition called posterior vitreous ablation ( PVD). One of the complications of this separation is tears.
When the vitreous separates or exfoliates the retina , it may attract the retina with sufficient strength to make a retinal tear. If left untreated, vitreous fluid can pass through tears into the space behind the retina, causing the retina to detach.
2. Tractional
This type of retinal detachment can occur when scar tissue grows on the surface of the retina, causing the retina to move away from the back of the eye. Traction release is usually seen in people who have uncontrolled diabetes or other conditions.3. Exudative
In this type of retinal detachment, fluid builds up under the retina, but there are no holes or tears in the retina. Exudative ablation can be caused by age-related macular degeneration, eye injuries, tumors or inflammatory disorders.Risk Factors for Retina Ablation
The following are the increased risk factors for retinal detachment:- Aging - retinal detachment is more common in people over 50 years
- Previous retinal detachment in one eye
- Family history of retinal detachment
- Extreme nearsightedness (myopia)
- Previous eye surgery, such as removal of cataracts
- Previous severe eye injury
- Previously other eye diseases or disorders, including retinoschisis , uveitis or thinning of the peripheral retina (lattice degeneration).
Symptoms of Retinal Ablation
Symptoms of retinal detachment do not cause pain, but can cause images of irregular forms such as:- The appearance of small spots floats on your eyes
- The emergence of flashes of light on vision (photopsia)
- Vision becomes blurred
- Side vision (peripheral) gradually decreases
- Shadows like a curtain on your eyesight
Retina Ablation Diagnosis
The diagnosis is based on symptoms of retinal detachment and the results of eye examination. Other examinations carried out to determine the integrity of the retina, including:- Direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy
- Sharpness of vision
- Refraction test
- Response to the pupillary reflex
- Color recognition disorder
- Check with slit lamp or slit lamp
- Intraocular pressure
- Eye ultrasound
- Fluorescence angiography
- Electroretinogram.
How to treat retinal detachment
Surgery is almost always used to repair retinal tears, holes or ablation rather than the retinal detachment drug. Various techniques available. Ask your eye doctor about the risks and benefits of your treatment options. You can also determine which procedure or combination of procedures is the best.1. Laser Surgery ( Photocoagulation )
How to cure retinal detachment This one uses the laser beam to the eye to the pupil. The laser causes burning around the tear, producing scar tissue that functions to weld the torn part.2. Freezing ( Cryopexy )
The process of treating retinal detachment uses anesthesia in the eye, and medical personnel use a device that freezes the outer surface of the eye to the part of the retinal tear. Freezing causes scars that help secure the retina to the eye wall.Surgery for Retina Ablation
If the retina is released, you need surgery to repair it, especially within a few days after the diagnosis. The type of surgery recommended by the surgeon will depend on several factors, including how severe the abortion is.1. Inject air or gas into the eye
In this procedure, called pneumatic retinopection, the surgeon injects air bubbles or gases into the center of the eye (vitreous cavity). If positioned correctly, bubbles push the retinal area containing holes or holes in the eye wall, stopping the flow of fluid into the space behind the retina. Doctors also use cryopexy during the procedure to repair the retina.The fluid collected under the retina is absorbed by itself, and the retina can then stick to the eye wall. You may need to hold your head in a certain position for several days to keep the bubble in the right position. The bubble will eventually reabsorb itself.
2. Indenting the surface of your eyes
This procedure, called scleral buckling , involves the surgeon plucking with a piece of white material in your eye (sclera) above the affected area. This procedure indents the eye wall and reduces some of the strength caused by pulling the vitreous in the retina.If you have several tears or holes or extensive ablation, your surgeon can make a scleral buckle that surrounds your entire eye like a belt. The buckle is placed in a way that does not block your vision, and usually stays in place permanently.
3. Dry and replace fluids in the eyes
The procedure is called vitrectomy, the surgeon removes the vitreous along with the tissue that attracts the retina. Air, gas or silicone oil is then injected into the vitreous space to help flatten the retina.Eventually air, gas or liquid will be absorbed, and the vitreous space will be refilled with body fluids. If silicone oil is used, it may be surgically removed a few months later. Vitrectomy can be combined with a scleral buckling procedure.
After surgery, your vision may take several months to improve. You may need a second operation for successful treatment. Some people never recover all their lost sight.
Prevention of Retina Ablation
Early diagnosis is the key to preventing vision loss associated with retinal detachment. It is important to check your eyes every year, and more often if you have a greater risk of eye disease.Use protective glasses to prevent trauma to the eye. Diabetics should control their blood sugar levels carefully. If you have a risk of developing retinal detachments, have your eyes checked at least once a year.
If you are unsure of your risks, talk to your eye doctor. He can tell you how often your eyes should be checked. If you notice symptoms of possible retinal detachments, such as flashes, small floating spots, or darkening of peripheral vision, contact your doctor immediately.
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